IDENTIFIERS

  • Current Taxon Name (Soil Name): Opal
  • OSD
  • Series Extent
  • User Site ID: S1984SD075002
  • User Pedon ID: 1984SD075002
  • Lab Information:
  • Certified Lab Pedon Description - no
  • Lab Source ID - SSL
  • Lab Pedon # - 85P0007
  • NCSS Pedon Lab Data NASIS Record ID - 55727
  • Print Date: 2/17/2025

    • LOCATION

  • Location In Web Soil Survey
  • AOI is roughly a square mile and pedon is marked in the center.
  • Location in SoilWeb
  • Location in Google Maps
  • Std. Latitude: 43.9302788
  • Std. Longitude: -100.6600037
  • Datum: WGS84
  • Township: 1S
  • Range: 29E
  • Section: 28
  • PLSS Details: 1585 feet E and 2508 feet S of NW corner
  • Map Unit: OpB—Opal clay, 3 to 6 percent slopesOpB—Opal clay, 3 to 6 percent slopes
  • State: South Dakota
  • County: SD075—Jones
  • MLRA: 63A—Northern Rolling Pierre Shale Plains

    • PEDON

  • Describers Name: G. Lemme, A. Faulkner, R. Schlepp and L. Zavesky
  • Current Taxonomic Class: Fine, smectitic, mesic Leptic Haplusterts
  • Current Taxon Kind: series
  • Pedon Type: classifies to current taxon name, full description
  • Pedon Purpose: full pedon description
  • Pedon Record Orgin: Converted from SSL-CMS data
  • Pedon #: 2
  • Correlated Information:
  • Soil Name - Opal
  • PSC - 25 to 88 cm.
  • Classificaton Date - 1/1/2013
  • Soil Taxonomic Edition - eleventh edition
  • Moisture Class - ustic
  • Moisture Subclass - typic
  • Sampled As Information:
  • Soil Name - Opal
  • Taxonomic Class - Very-fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Udic Chromuster
  • Taxon Kind - series
  • Classificaton Date - 10/1/1984
  • Moisture Class - ustic
  • Moisture SUBClass - udic
  • Dynamic Soil Properties:
  • Pedoderm Loose Cover Indicator - no
  • Hydric: no


    • SITE

  • Landscape: upland
  • Landform: pediment
  • Hill Slope Profile: summit
  • Slope Shape Down: convex
  • Drainage Class: well
  • Bedrock: shale, clayey at 88cm
  • Geology: Pierre Shale formation.
  • Surface Fragments:
  • Benchmark Soil?: no

    • VEGETATION

    SITE OBSERVATION

  • Observation Date: 10/1/1984 (actual site observation date)
  • Surface Cover Properties:
  • Site Obs. Cover Kind 1 - grass/herbaceous cover
  • Site Obs. Cover Kind 2 - rangeland, grassland
  • Pedoderm Loose Cover Indicator - no
  • Drained? - no
  • Bedded Soil? - no
  • Forest Plantation? - no
  • Site Erosion Accelerated: water erosion
    • Pedon Restrictions
    Kind Hardness Restriction Depth L-H Restriction Thickness L-RV-H
    cm

    bedrock, paralithic

    —

    88 - 135

    - 47 -

    Pedon Diagnostic Features
    Feature Kind Feature Depth L-H Feature Thickness L-RV-H
    cm

    mollic epipedon

    cambic horizon

    slickensides

    gypsum accumulations

    paralithic contact

    paralithic materials

    0—41

    5—66

    5—66

    41—135

    88—

    88—135

    —-

    —-

    —-

    —-

    —-

    —-
    Setting and Climate
    Slope Slope Length USLE Upslope Length Elev. Corr. Elev Aspect MAP REAP FFD MAAT MSAT MWAT MAST MSST MWST MFFP PE Index Climate Station ID Climate Station Name Climate Station Type
    % m degrees mm mm C mm

    1

    —

    —

    708

    —

    45

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —

    —
    A—0 to 5 centimeters (0.0 to 2.0 inches); grayish brown (10YR 5/2) interior, very dark gray (10YR 3/1) interior and very dark gray (10YR 3/1) crushed, moist; clay; moderate fine and medium granular structure; slightly hard, friable, moderately sticky, moderately plastic; 5.5 fine and medium roots; 2.5 fine tubular pores; 1 reversible trans-horizon cracks per meter at a depth of 80 cm with a width of 1 cm that extend above the horizon; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; clear smooth boundary. Lab sample # 85P0042; dry when described;. many fine and medium roots
    Bss1—5 to 25 centimeters (2.0 to 9.8 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) interior, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) interior and very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) crushed, moist; clay; moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; very hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic; 5.5 fine and medium roots between peds and 2.5 fine roots throughout; 1 reversible trans-horizon cracks per meter at a depth of 80 cm with a width of 1 cm that extend above the horizon; 37 percent distinct nonintersecting slickensides on faces of peds; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; slight effervescence, by hcl, 1n; clear wavy boundary. Lab sample # 85P0043; dry when described;. Slickensides are tilted about 15 degrees from horizontal and are 2 to 3 cm wide.; common nonintersecting slickensides surface features on faces of peds; many fine and medium roots between peds; common fine roots throughout
    Bss2—25 to 41 centimeters (9.8 to 16.1 inches); grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) interior, very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) interior and very dark grayish brown (2.5Y 3/2) crushed, moist; clay; weak coarse prismatic, and moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic; 2.5 fine and medium roots between peds and 0.5 fine roots throughout; 1 reversible trans-horizon cracks per meter at a depth of 80 cm with a width of 1 cm that extend above the horizon; 55 percent prominent slickensides (pedogenic) on faces of peds; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; strong effervescence, by hcl, 1n; clear wavy boundary. Lab sample # 85P0044; dry when described;. Slickensides are tilted 15 to 20 degrees from horizontal and are 5 to 9 cm wide.; many intersecting slickensides surface features on faces of peds; common fine and medium roots between peds; few fine roots throughout
    Bkss—41 to 66 centimeters (16.1 to 26.0 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) interior, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) interior and dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) crushed, moist; clay; weak coarse prismatic, and moderate medium and coarse subangular blocky structure; extremely hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic; 0.5 fine roots between peds; 1 reversible trans-horizon cracks per meter at a depth of 80 cm with a width of 1 cm that extend above the horizon; 55 percent prominent slickensides (pedogenic) on faces of peds; 1 percent fine gypsum masses and 30 percent fine and medium lime masses; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; strong effervescence, by hcl, 1n; clear wavy boundary. Lab sample # 85P0045; dry when described;. Slickensides are tilted 30 to 45 degrees from horizontal and 5 to 10 cm wide.; many fine and medium soft masses of lime concentrations; few fine masses of gypsum concentrations; many intersecting slickensides surface features on faces of peds; few fine roots between peds
    C1—66 to 76 centimeters (26.0 to 29.9 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) interior, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) interior, moist; clay; 30 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine distinct mottles; massive; very hard, firm, very sticky, very plastic; 0.5 fine roots between peds; 30 percent fine lime masses and 11 percent fine gypsum masses; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; strong effervescence, by hcl, 1n; clear wavy boundary. Lab sample # 85P0046; dry when described;. Carbonates, gypsum and roots follow old bedding planes. Few medium iron concretions. Tongues of darker material about 5 cm in length.; many fine soft masses of lime concentrations; common fine masses of gypsum concentrations; few fine roots between peds; many fine distinct 10YR56 mottles
    C2—76 to 88 centimeters (29.9 to 34.6 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) interior, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) interior, moist; clay; 1 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine prominent and 11 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) fine distinct mottles; massive; hard, friable, very sticky, very plastic; 2.5 fine and medium roots between peds; ; 30 percent fine and medium gypsum masses and 30 percent fine and medium lime masses; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; strong effervescence, by hcl, 1n; clear wavy boundary. Lab sample # 85P0047; dry when described;. Roots follow in bedding planes. About 60% shale fragments. Few medium iron concretions.; many fine and medium masses of gypsum concentrations; many fine and medium soft masses of lime concentrations; common fine and medium roots between peds; few fine prominent 7.5YR56 mottles; common fine distinct 10YR56 mottles
    Cr1—88 to 103 centimeters (34.6 to 40.6 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) interior and dark gray (5Y 4/1) interior, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) interior, moist; weathered bedrock; 11 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine prominent mottles; 0.5 fine roots between peds; 55 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron stains on horizontal faces of peds; 30 percent fine and medium masses of oxidized iron; 30 percent fine and medium gypsum masses; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments; strong effervescence, by hcl, 1n; gradual wavy boundary. Lab sample # 85P0048; dry when described;. Iron accumulations are along bedding planes.; many fine and medium masses of gypsum concentrations; many fine and medium soft masses of iron concentrations; many iron stains surface features on horizontal faces of peds; few fine roots between peds; common fine prominent 7.5YR56 mottles
    Cr2—103 to 135 centimeters (40.6 to 53.1 inches); light brownish gray (2.5Y 6/2) interior and dark gray (5Y 4/1) interior, dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) interior, moist; unweathered bedrock; 11 percent strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) fine prominent mottles; 0.5 fine roots between peds; 55 percent yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) iron stains on horizontal faces of peds; 1 percent fine gypsum masses; 1 percent by volume 2-39-75 millimeter mixed fragments. Lab sample # 85P0049; dry when described;. Gypsum, roots and stains are along bedding planes.; few fine masses of gypsum concentrations; many iron stains surface features on horizontal faces of peds; few fine roots between peds; common fine prominent 7.5YR56 mottles